Goss v. Lopez
School suspensions must be accompanied by some type of notice and hearing.
Albach v. Odle
No due process review required when a student is denied the opportunity to participate in interscholastic athletic activities.
Schaffer Ex Rel. Schaffer v. Weast
When a party requests a due process hearing regarding a student's "individualized education plan," the party seeking relief has the burden of proof in demonstrating that the IEP is "inappropriate."
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton
School district policy authorizing random drug testing of student athletes does not constitute an unreasonable search and seizure.
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
Standard for school authorities to conduct a student search is reasonable suspicion.
Everson v. Board of Education
The reimbursement of parents whose children took buses to private schools was held to be in violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
Engel v. Vitale
The state's requirement that a state-composed prayer be recited in schools violated the Establishment Clause.
Tinker v. Des Moines
Passive display of armbands worn to protest the Vietnam War which did not create substantial interference with the rights of others or school discipline was protected speech.
Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser
Court distinguishes intrusive speech interfering with the rights of others from that of Tinker.
Morse v. Frederick
Suspension of a student who held a banner with a message encouraging drug use did not violate the student's First Amendment right to free speech.
Hazelwood Sch. Dist. v. Kuhlmeier
School authorities do not violate students' First Amendment rights when they reasonably regulate student speech in "school sponsored expressive activities."
Swanson v. Guthrie Independent School District I-L
School district policy which prevented a home-schooled student from attending public school on a part-time basis upheld.
Pierce v. Society of the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary
While a state can mandate school attendance, it cannot mandate that students attend public schools only.
Plyer v. Doe
State law barring children of illegal immigrants from attending public school held to be in violation of the Equal Protection Clause.
Martinez v. Bynum
State residency requirement for public school admission upheld.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (II)
Courts to oversee transition period in effort to effectuate compliance with desegregation of schools.
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
Addresses what actions constitute a "unitary" school system.
Milliken v. Bradley
Court discusses "de facto" versus "de jure" segregation.
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Court held that racial quotas are unconstitutional.
Grutter v. Bollinger
Race can be considered as one factor among many for college admissions.
Gratz v. Bollinger
College admission procedure assigning points to minority students deemed unconstitutional.
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Pennsylvania (1971) and Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia (1972)
Together, these federal trial court cases were instrumental in prompting the Congress to develop federal legislation for the education of students with disabilities, including Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (EAHCA).
Southeastern Community College v. Davis
Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act of 1973 does not preclude professional schools from imposing reasonable physical requirements for admission to their programs.
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley
The IDEA seeks compliance of its provisions by the individual states; however, the states have great discretion in the development of their educational programs for students with disabilities.
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro
Medical services can be "related services" under the IDEA when they are necessary for a disabled student to attend school, are not of the level of care that only a physician could provide, and do not depend on the purchase of specialized equipment.
Cedar Rapids Community School Dist. v. Garret F.
When a school cannot provide a medical service necessary for a student to remain in school, but someone other than a doctor can, the school district "must fund that service."
Honig v. Doe
The "stay-put" provision of the IDEA requires that students with disabilities are to remain in their "current educational placement" pending any determination otherwise following review proceedings. Suspensions of ten days or less are not precluded by this provision.
